Dedication to historical studies: Modern Europe

Abstract

Europe's development from feudalism to the modern era marked one of the most significant transformations in world history, impacting various social, political, economic, and educational aspects. This article examines the structural changes that occurred in European society, from the feudal system to the early and late modern periods, including the scientific revolution, the industrial revolution, and the socio-political reforms that gave rise to democracy, nationalism, and the concept of human rights. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach, with a literature review of journals, historical documents, and recent international reports. The results show that European modernization not only transformed the social and economic order but also shifted the educational paradigm toward digitalization, inclusion, and lifelong learning. The role of international institutions, particularly the United Nations, proved crucial in maintaining political stability and peace in the post-global conflict European region. In conclusion, Europe's transformation from feudalism to the modern era laid the foundation for today's systems of government, economy, law, and education, and served as a model for global integration and innovation. Recommendations are provided regarding the importance of adapting education to technological changes and social needs, as well as the need for collaboration between countries to maintain political and economic stability in the era of globalization.